Combined Use of Novel Endophytic and Rhizobacterial Strains Upregulates Antioxidant Enzyme Systems and Mineral Accumulation in Wheat

Wheat is the third largest grown crop after maize and rice worldwide. Integrated use of chemical biofertilizers have potential to improve yield quality due their growth-promoting attributes. Therefore, present study planned evaluate effectiveness endophytic (Paenibacillus sp. strain (ZE11), Bacillus subtilis (ZE15) megaterium (ZE32)) rhizobacterial strains (Bacillus (ZR2) (ZR3) (ZR19)), solely in combination, increase productivity wheat microbial activity rhizosphere. The maximum biomass carbon (44%), available phosphorous (30%), ammonium–nitrogen (24%), nitrate–nitrogen (37%), iron (10%), zinc (11%) bacterial population (31%) was recorded by co-inoculation ZE11 + ZR3. Subsequently, ZE11+ZR3 showed a 31%, 29%, 30%, 27%, 33%, 25%, 9%, 15%, 18% 26% superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate (APX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (POX), grain yield, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, grains, respectively, as compared uninoculated control. sole inoculation ZR19 harvest index (45.5%). endophytes rhizobacteria has significant effect on growth, physiology, yield. However, had better can be used develop multi-strain biofertilizer promote growth crops.